Regenerative gas heater or stove



April 23, 1940. w. LINDER REGENERATIVE GAS HEATER OR STOVE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 11, 1938 April 23, 1940. w. LINDER REGENERA TIVE GAS HEATER OR STOVE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 11, 1938 Fig. 6.

. INVENTOR vWILLL V binder a b c I 6 6 6 BY 1441a ATTORNFY.

UNITEDQSTATES' OFFICE A 25 chequerwork than at the lower part thereof, it is the chequer brickwork, finally accumulating in 25 Patented Apr. 23, 194 g g I 2,198,054. 1 I REGENERATIVE GAS nnn'rnn'on STOVE Willy Linder, Essen-Bredeney, Germany, assignor, i a by mesne assignments, to Koppers Company,

-- Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Delaware Application January 11, 1938, Serial no. 184,389 7 In Germany January 12,1937

1 Claim. (01. sea-1. 1 I' The invention relates to regenerative gas heattion is to provide such improvements in the ers or stoves and more particularly to the soc'hequerworkofthe said gas heater or stoves that called Cowper stoves, comprising a tower-like thedifficulties arising from blocking-up the gas casing equipped with a refractory chequer brickchannels in the chequerwork by any broken work serving as heat exchanging medium, said bricks or other solids may be safely overcome. 5

chequerwork being provided with vertical chan- My invention consists essentially in that onthe nels through which the cold gases to be heated up top of the chequer brickwork, there is arranged a and the hot combustion products pass alternatelayer of refractory perforated brickshaving holes ly. of smaller section than the smallest section of the 10' It has been suggested to arrange the vertical chequerwork channels in the lower part-of the re- 1 channels in the chequerwork of a stove or gas generator and that the total free section of the heater in such a manner that the free section of channels in the perforated brick layer is made said channels decreases gradually or continuousequal or even larger than thefree section of the 1 1y from the top downwards corresponding to the adjacent chequerwork channels at the top of i5 5 quantity of heat which the chequerwork in the the regenerator. H

various zonesof the stove is able to absorb With- The arrangement of such a'layer'of perforated out any disadvantageous overheating of the rebricks prevents any brick' lumps or other matters fractory material. The reason for this arrangefrom falling into the chequerwork channels, ment is that the heat within a defined heating which lumps are larger than the narrowest period penetrates the body of the heatexchanger chequerwork channels and which may deposit or 20 bricks only to a certain'depth, the extent of which stick to any point of the chequerwork. Any brick depends upon the actual temperature difference lumps which may pass the protection layer conbetween brick and heating media; As this difsisting of perforated bricks according to my inference is much higher near the top of the vention, will pass even the narrowest channel of of advantage to form the bricks of the upper part the free space underneath the chequer brickwork, of the chequerwork with thicker Walls than the where they are harmless and. from where they bricks in the lower part of the stove. Consecan be removed without any trouble. quently, the inner width of the gas channels in The arrangement of the protection layer conthe chequerwork has to be made greater in the I sisting of perforated bricks acting as a sieve on 30 upper part than in the lower part. I the chequerwork is preferably combined with the It rathe Ofte c ur that the p t v y use of highly refractory materials, which also in narrow channels provided in the lower part of the less thick walls offer a sufficient resistance the chequer brickwork are blocked-up, for inagainst the high temperatures existing in the stance by broken lumps of bricks spalling ofi from dome of the Cowper stoves. According to my in- 35 the dome-like roof of the heater. Such brick vention, the perforated bricks of the protection lumps fall through the upper wide gas channels layer are made preferably from Sillimanite. of the chequerwork downwards until they are Still further objects and features of my presheld-up by the narrow bottom channels of the ent invention may be taken from the following chequer-brickwork. It is understood that it is description of a preferred embodiment of my in- 40 practically impossible to remove the brick lumps vention, and from the accompanying drawings, in from the lower part of the chequer brickwork which i I without dismantling the brickwork in the upper Figure 1 shows a vertical section through a part zones of the stove. Consequently, considerable of the Cowper chequerwork according to my i difficulties in operation are met with in the vention and known Cowper stoves of the multiple zone de- Figure 2 a top-view of the chequerwork of sign, as the flow of the gases through the Fig, 1, chequerwork is disturbed. The efiiciency, of the Figure 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the stove depends, however, on a uniform distribution Cowper stove as a whole.

of the gaseous media through the Whole area of The top layer of the chequerwork is marked I 50 the chequerwork. on the drawing. Said layer possesses compara- In order to maintain the efiiciency of the Cowtively wide channels 2. On the layer l of the per stove of the multiple zone design, a frequent multiple zones of regenerator channels of dereconstruction of the chequerworkisnecessary. creasing area of the heat exchanger chequer- 5 Now the principal object of my present invenworkadjoins a brick layer 4 provided with conical openings 3. On this layer is arranged a protecting layer of perforated bricks 5 which are fitted with narrow channels 6. Above the bricks 5 is the usual free space 5a, covered by the dome 5b of the stove and from where are distributed the heating gases to the chequerwork and Where are collected the media to be heated-up.

As illustrated in Figure 3, the free sections of each of the channels of zone 6b are less than those of zone 6a, and the free sections of each of the channels of zone 60 are less than those of zones 6a and 6b, thus providing a multiple zone design of channels which taper or decrease in area gradually from the top of the regenerator downwardly to its bottom.

The cross sections of the channels 6 are chosen in such a manner that they are each smaller. than the smallest cross section of the channels of multiple zones like 6a, 6b, 6c, of the chequer brickwork especially of the chequerwork channels in the lower zones 6b and 6c of the stove.

It is advisable to arrange such a number of holes in the protecting layer of bricks 5 that the free cross section of all the gas ways, if compared with the gas ways in the top layer l of the chequerwork, is not considerably less so that a disadvantageous gas resistance is avoided in the protecting layer.

As may be seen from Figure 2, the protection bricks 5 are suitably made with a hexagonal section whereby if necessary, the brick edge corners are furthermore equipped with recesses 1 which together with the respective recessesof the adjacent bricks after putting together the brick layer, will result in additional channels for the passage of gases. The radius of theedge recesses 1 is, of course, to be selected in such a manner that the total cross section of the gas channel formed by the cuttings I of the adjacent bricks is smaller than that of the channels of the chequer brickwork,

I have now described above the present invention on the lines of a preferred embodiment thereof, but my invention is not limited in all its aspects to the mode of carrying it out as described ancl. shown, since the invention may be variously embodied within the scope of the following claim.

I claim:

In a regenerative gas heater or stove comprising a tower-like casing with a dome top; and refractory checkerwork arranged therein, with the checkerwork constituting I multiple superposed zones of vertical channels the width of which decreases from the top. of the checkerwork downwardly: a sieve for retaining brick lumps that may fall from the dome towards the narrower channels, said sieve comprising a layer of perforated; refractory bricks arranged over the top of the checkerwork of the upper zone between the same and the dome chamber, the holes in said perforated bricks communicably connecting with said vertical channels beneath the same, on the one hand, and with the free space in the dome chamber above the checkerwork, on the other hand, and the efiective cross-sectional area of the respective holes in the sieve being of smaller width than the narrowest of the vertical channels of the multiple zones of channels, but the total free section of all of the holes in the sieve aggregated as a whole being at least equal to the total free section of all of the larger channels aggregated as a whole in the top layer of the subadjacent checkerwork.

, WI -L LENDER.v 

